Tranexamic acid, often called TXA, is a powerful antifibrinolytic medication widely used worldwide—including India—for controlling and preventing excessive bleeding in various medical situations. It is available in different formulations such as tablets, injections, and even mouthwash, making it flexible for consumer and hospital-based settings.

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What Is Tranexamic Acid?

Tranexamic acid is a synthetic (laboratory-made) medicine that helps the blood clot more effectively by preventing the breakdown of fibrin, a protein essential for clot formation. It is a global standard for controlling bleeding episodes, featured on the World Health Organization’s Essential Medicines List and widely trusted by both doctors and patients for its efficacy and safety profile.

How Tranexamic Acid Works: Mode of Action

Tranexamic acid acts as a competitive inhibitor of plasminogen activation. This process stabilizes blood clots by blocking the action of an enzyme called plasmin, which breaks down fibrin clots. By doing so, TXA helps in reducing active bleeding and preventing breakdown of already formed clots.

Who Needs Tranexamic Acid? Key Indications

Heavy Menstrual Bleeding (Menorrhagia): Tranexamic acid is widely prescribed in India for women with heavy periods. It drastically reduces the volume and duration of menstrual flow and improves day-to-day life.
Tooth Extraction in Hemophilia: Patients with bleeding disorders like hemophilia benefit from TXA during dental procedures to prevent prolonged bleeding.
Surgical Bleeding and Trauma: Doctors frequently use injection (IV) TXA during and after major surgeries, postpartum hemorrhage (PPH), and traumatic injuries where there is a risk of heavy blood loss.
Hereditary Angioedema: TXA can prevent and treat unpredictable, serious swelling under the skin.

Tranexamic Acid Forms and Brand-Name Products in India

Tablets: For daily or emergency use at home, especially for heavy periods and nosebleeds.
Injections: Used in hospitals for emergencies (like trauma, PPH, or surgery). Products like “Jiyomic” from Novalab Gynecare offer injectable TXA designed for rapid, reliable administration in clinical settings.
Mouthwash: Sometimes used to control bleeding after dental surgery, particularly in patients with clotting disorders.

Tranexamic Acid Injection: How and When Is It Used?

Jiyomic by Novalab Gynecare
Jiyomic contains tranexamic acid in injectable form, typically available as 500 mg or 1,000 mg ampoules. The injection is administered intravenously by medical professionals in settings like emergency rooms, labor wards, and operating theatres.

Indications for Tranexamic Acid Injection

Management of massive bleeding after trauma or surgery.
Acute postpartum hemorrhage (PPH): Given within 3 hours of birth, TXA significantly reduces the risk of death due to bleeding.
Severe bleeding in patients with hemophilia or inherited bleeding disorders undergoing procedures.

When and How Is the Injection Given?

Timing: As soon as possible after the onset of bleeding; for PPH, ideally within 3 hours post-delivery.
Dosage: Usual adult dose is 1 gram (from a 1,000 mg ampoule) slowly injected IV over 10 minutes. If bleeding continues, a second dose may be administered after 30 minutes or if bleeding restarts within 24 hours.
Where: Always administered in a hospital or clinical setting under supervision.

Tranexamic Acid Tablet: Uses and Dosage

For Heavy Periods: Adults usually take 500–1,000 mg (1 or 2 tablets) three times a day for up to 4 days, starting when bleeding begins.
Other Uses: Doses may vary for nosebleeds, hereditary angioedema, or to prevent bleeding before minor surgeries based on a doctor’s advice.
Administration: Tablets can be taken with or without food; taken with water for ease of swallowing.

Key Benefits (Pros) of Tranexamic Acid

Effectively Reduces Bleeding: Especially useful for heavy periods, trauma, surgery, and PPH.
Flexible Formulations: Oral, injectable, and mouthwash options meet a range of patient needs.
Rapid Onset (Injections): Absorption is immediate when given IV, ideal for emergencies.
Proven Safety Profile: Used in millions of patients globally with well-established protocols.

Downsides and Contraindications (Cons/Precautions)

Possible Side Effects: While generally well-tolerated, TXA can cause side effects—see below.
Contraindicated in Some People: Patients with a history of blood clots (deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism), active intravascular clotting, or severe renal impairment should avoid TXA.
Rare Drug Interactions: Those on hormonal contraceptives or anti-clotting medicines should consult their doctor due to a slightly increased risk of thrombosis.
Need for Monitoring: Regular medical supervision is advised if used for more than a few days or in high-risk patients.

Side Effects: What to Watch Out For

tranexamic acid

Tablets

Nausea or vomiting
Diarrhea
Stomach pain or indigestion
Headache
Fatigue (rare)

Injections

Nausea, vomiting
Low blood pressure (especially if injected too quickly)
Muscle pain or spasms
Allergic reactions such as rashes, itching, or swelling (rare)

Notify your doctor immediately if you notice:

Swelling of the legs, chest pain, breathlessness, vision changes, or any unusual bleeding/bruising.

Contraindications of Tranexamic Acid

History of blood clots/thrombosis (deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary embolism)
Active vascular clotting disorders
History of seizures (especially with high-dose IV)
Severe kidney disease (dose adjustment may be necessary)
Allergic reaction to tranexamic acid or any excipient in the formulation.

How to Use Tranexamic Acid: Timings and Instructions

Tablets: Take at the start of bleeding for heavy periods, 2–3 doses daily, spaced evenly for 3–4 days.
Injection: Given by a healthcare provider, usually as a slow intravenous push or drip. Never self-inject.
Precaution: Take as directed; overdose may increase risk of side effects without added benefit.

Frequently Asked Questions

1. What is Tranexamic Acid used for?

Tranexamic acid is mainly used to control or prevent excessive bleeding, especially heavy periods, trauma, surgery, and hereditary angioedema.

2. What are the side effects of Tranexamic Acid?

Most people tolerate it well, but nausea, vomiting, and stomach pain are possible. Injections may rarely cause low blood pressure or allergic reactions.

3. Who should not use Tranexamic Acid?

It should not be taken by patients with a history of blood clots, active clotting disorders, or allergies to TXA.

4. How do you take Tranexamic Acid tablets?

For heavy periods, take 500–1,000 mg 2–3 times daily with water at the start of bleeding, for up to 4 days.

5. When is Tranexamic Acid injection preferred?

Injections are preferred for emergencies (surgery, trauma, postpartum bleeding) where rapid action is needed and oral administration is not practical.

6. Can Tranexamic Acid stop nosebleeds?

Yes, tranexamic acid can shorten the duration and reduce the recurrence of troublesome nosebleeds when prescribed by a doctor.

7. What are the pros and cons of using Tranexamic Acid?

Pros: Effective, low cost, safe in supervised settings, and many forms available. Cons: Possible side effects, contraindicated in selected patients, and rare interactions.

Tranexamic Acid in the Indian Context: GEO and Climate Considerations

North India: TXA is popular for menstrual management during the cozy but cold early winters (when hospital visits are less preferred), and is often stocked in local pharmacies for self-use.
South India: Easier summers mean less acute trauma in agriculture, but high humidity can lead to more injuries/surgeries—making TXA injection nearly mandatory in district hospitals.
Access: TXA is included in India’s National List of Essential Medicines, making it available in most government and private centers.

Brand Spotlight: Jiyomic Tranexamic Acid Injection by Novalab Gynecare

Jiyomic provides high-quality, GMP-certified tranexamic acid suitable for Indian clinical needs, available in convenient ampoules for hospital-based rapid administration. This supports both gynecological and surgical specialties faced with acute bleeding episodes.

Conclusion: Why Choose Tranexamic Acid?

Tranexamic acid remains a gold standard for bleeding control in India, valued for its proven record, flexible delivery options, and established safety. With brands like Jiyomic offering trusted formulations, both doctors and patients have reliable options for a range of emergency and planned uses.

Disclaimer

This article is intended for informational purposes only. Please consult your healthcare provider for personalized medical advice regarding diagnosis, dosing, contraindications, or if you encounter any unusual symptoms while using tranexamic acid.

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